Topic: Weather

Weather and Climate SATs questions

Post date 21 August 2025

Primary Maths Blackboard — School girl doing subtraction

This resource provides practice KS2 SATs maths reasoning questions. The maths has been adapted from past papers into contexts related to weather, climate change and sustainability.

The questions have been broken down by topic and are in PDF form, and are available as Word documents (to make it easy to copy and paste).

Answers are also provided.

Numbers - Ordering, rounding, negatives

Addition and subtraction

Fractions, percentages and ratios

Multiplication and division

Statistics

Algebra

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (fractions, percentages and ratio answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

1 – 1/5 – 7/15 = 1/3

Question 2

Question 3

a) 100 – 28-14-14 = 100 – 56 = 44%

Question 4

a) Total = 3.90 + (3.90/2) = 3.90 + 1.95 = £5.85

b) 2 bags = £5.85

4 bags = 11.70

15.60 – 11.70 = £3.90 (enough for 1 bag)

Total = 4 + 1 = 5 bags

Question 5

35 x 0.7 = £24.50

Question 6

a) Percentage = 100 -65 = 35%

b) Total pupils = 30 x 8 = 240

0.35 x 240 = 84 pupils

Question 7

Correct

Explanation along the lines of:

Turbine A energy = 2 x Turbine B energy

½ x Turbine A energy = Turbine B energy

50% Turbine A energy = 100% Turbine B energy

25% Turbine A energy = 50% Turbine Energy

Question 8

a) 100 – (65+12.5+17.5) = 100 – 95 = 5%

Question 9

Do not watch = 1 – 3/5 = 2/5

8 pupils = 2/5

Full class = (8 x 5)/2 = 40/2 = 20 pupils

Question 10

Full 100% charge = 75 x 4 = 300 minutes

Longer = 300 – 75 = 225 minutes

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (multiplication and division answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

a) 40 houses = 40/8 = 5 tanks

b) 24 houses = 24/8 = 3 tanks per week

Weeks = 15/3 = 5 weeks

Question 2

a) Days = 4/0.5 = 8days

Question 3

a) 25000 g= 25kg

25 x 3 = 75kg

b) 32 x 0.75 = 24

Question 4

a) 850/25 = 34 millilitres

b) 34 x 20,000 = 68,000 ml

c) 280/20 = 14 commutes

Question 5

a) 3 x 4 + 2 x 2 = 12 + 4 = 16

Should see 16 cups.

b) 3 small = 115 – 40 = 75

1 small = 75/3 = £25

Question 6

a) Total = 50 x 4 = 200

200/6 = 33 full flower beds

b) 2 bulbs left.

1 – 2/6 = 4/6 or 2/3

Question 7

a) Feet = 30 x 8 = 240 cm

Inches = 10 x 2.5 = 25 cm

Total = 250 + 25 = 265cm

b) Difference = 265 – 232.5 = 32.5

Correct units = 1 foot and 1 cm

Question 8

a) 500/25 = 20 bins

b) Grams = 2.4 x 1000 = 2400

One coffee = 2400 / 500 = 4.8 g

Question 9

b) 2,400,000 / 5 = £480,000

c) £480,000 x 4 = £1,920,000

Question 10

a) Break length = 15 mins

Lunch length = 50 mins

Total break = (50+15) x 5 = 65 x 5 = 325 minutes

b) Application needed = (32 x 2) x 5 = 54 x 5 = 320

Question 11

a) 1000/13 =76 12/13

So last house is 12/13

b) 1000/8 = 125 days

Question 12

Total = 6.5 x 4 + 4 x 8 + 2.5 x 6 + 13 x 2 = 26 + 32 + 15 + 26 = 99 kg

Question 13

a) 65 – (10×2) = 65 – 20 = £45

No weeks as £3 = 45/3 = 15

Total = 15 + 10 = 25 weeks

b) 52/4 = 13 replacements in a year

13 x 2 = 26 batteries

Question 14

a) Money made = 600 x 25 = 15,000

Profit = 15,000 – 3000 = 12,000

Charity = 12,000 x 2/3 = £8000

b) £8000 / 5 = £1600

Question 15

750/250 = 3

1150 x 3 = 3450 g

Question 16

b) Mean = (10+32+27+12+9)/5 = 90/5 = 18m/s

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (statistics answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

a) One wheel represents = 12/2 = 6 cars

May = 6.5 wheels = 6.5 x 6 = 39 cars

b) Number of wheels = 25.5

Total sold = 25.5 * 6 = 153 cars

Mean = 153/6 = 25.5

Rounded = 26 cars

Question 2

a) Lunchtime = 9 x 24 = 216

After school = 6 x 15 = 90

More at lunch time

b) Not full = 1/3 x 15 = 5

Lunchtime = 216

Full after school = 5 x 15 = 75

Total = 216 + 75 + 5 = 296 pupils

c) Percentage = 15%

Question 3

a) Winter = 400 – (77+200+56) = 400 – 333 = 67

b) Difference = 77-56 = 21

c) 1/8 x 400 = 50

There is more than 50 votes for autumn

Question 4

a) 1

b) Difference = 12 – 4 = 8

c) Friday (range = 10)

d) Highest = Thursday = 13

Lowest = Tues or Fri = 1

Difference = 13 – 1 = 12

Question 5

a) Answer is 312.5, accept anything from 310 to 315.

b) 80% of Answer of A

Answer = 250. Accept 80% of Answer A even if A was incorrect.

c) Total distance = 160km x 2 = 320 km

Correct – more than 100% of charge.

Award mark according to their previous answers.

Question 6

a) Bee = 6 x 2 = 12

Wasp = 2.5 x 2 = 5

Difference 12-5 = 7

b) Number of circles = 14

Class = 14 *2 = 28

Comments can include: No of icons has halved/Semicircles have now become quarters/due to each circle now being double the value.

Question 7

a) 100 – (41+12) = 100 – 53 = 47%

b) Quite important = 41% x 1200 = 492

Very important = 47% x 1200 = 564

Not important = 12% x 1200 = 144

Question 8

b) Total = 28 x 6 = 168

2012 = 168 – (23+26+31+44+25) = 168 – 149 = 19

Question 9

a) Mean = (3.8+2.3+3.2+1.6+4.1)/5 = 15/5 = 3

b) Total = 4.5 x 5 = 22.5

Comments can include:

Rounding results in Monday and Friday having the same amount of rain (is not true)
Rounding results in Tuesday and Thursday having the same amount of rain (is not true)
Changes total/mean etc

Question 10

a) Total = 36 x 5 = 180

Friday = 175 – (36.1 + 36.6 + 35.2 + 35.6) = 180 – 143.5 = 31.5

b) 31.5 , 35.2, 35.6, 36.1, 36.6

c) Answers can be a degree or two either side, within reason

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (algebra answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

a) No. of days = 5 days

Total cost = 12 + (2.50 x 5) = 12 + 12.50 = £24.50

b) £3

c) Total cost = 3 + (2.50 x 5) = 3 + 12.50 = £15.50

d) £9

Question 2

a) Total cost = £215 installation fee + £499 per solar panel

b) Cost per panel = 499 x 3 = 1497

Total cost = 215 + 1497 = £1712

c) 8+4+5+7+8 = 32

Question 3

a) Depth = 2 x (4 + 5) = 2 x 9 = 18mm

b) Hours = (depth/2) – 5 =

(16/2)-5 = 8-5 = 3 hours

c) -4+13 = 9°C

Question 4

b) Number of houses = 12 x ( 15 + 75 ) = 12 x 90 = 1080 houses

Question 5

a) New beads = ( 12 x 3) ÷ 4 = 36 ÷ 4 = 9

b) Recycled beads = (24 x 4) ÷ 3 = 96 ÷ 3 = 32

c) Left to right = England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland

Question 6

a) Number of oak trees = (16 x 5) ÷ 4 = 80 ÷ 4 = 20

b) Total = 20 +16 = 36 trees

c) Temp = 20% x 30 = 24°C

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (numbers answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

a) Closest = Emma (20 away)

b) Furthest = Olivia (160 away)

Question 2

a) Order: 4990, 5250, 5430, 5970, 6010

b) Niamh

c) Talia

Question 3

Mean = 1056 / 4 = 264 houses

Rounded = 260 houses

Question 4

Question 5

Temperature = 7 – 25 = -18°C

Question 6

Rounded: 120 meters

Question 7

a) 614mm

b) 1262mm

c) One thousand, two hundred and three

d) 1262, 1203, 614

Question 8

Question 9

a) Incorrect. 3 people (Rakesh, Khadijha and Jamie) have all over estimated. 2 people (Charlotte and Millie) have underestimate. More have overestimated than underestimated.

b) Overestimate = 270 – 247 = 23 miles

Question 10

Question 11

Difference = 5-1km = 4km

In metres = 4 x 1000 = 4000m

Question 12

a) 482000m

b) 482000-1610 = 480390

Rounded = 480400m

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

SATs questions (addition and subtraction answers)

Post date 21 August 2025

Answers

Question 1

a) Total number of turbines = 60 + 60 = 120 turbines

b) Not turning = 120 – (56+49) = 15 turbines

Question 2

a) Weight of cardboard = (3.25-2.8)*1000 = 450g

b) Weight of glass = (2.8*0.82) – 920 = 1880g

c) Difference = 1880 – 450 = 1430g

Question 3

a) Cash = 4 x 50p = 200p

Change = 200 – (50 + 65 + 70) = 200 – 185 = 15p

b) Change = 200 – (70 + 70) = 200 – 140 = 60p

Yes, she can buy a daffodil bulb

Question 4

a) Already taken part = 80,978 + 72,319 = 153,297

Evening = 234,869 – 153,297 = 81,572

b) Total = 1,333,874 + 234,869 = 1,568,743

Rounding to £1,569,000

Question 5

a) Change = £5.00 – £1.39 = £3.61

b) 1.39 + 1.39 = £2.78 to buy 2 trees

c) 5.00 – (1.39 + 1.39 +1.39) = 83p

Question 6

a) Time from Liverpool = 07:10 – 01:20 = 05:50

b) Length of rain = 09:05 – 07.10 = 01:55 or 1hr 55 mins

Question 7

a) 320 + 320 + 320 = £960

b) 1390+1390 = £2780

c) Total to pay = 2780 + 960 = £3740

Needed = 3740 – 2855 = £885

Question 8

a) Carrot and Cucumber

b) 5 x 23 = 115p

c) Yes. 150-115 = 35p. Can afford one more pack of tomato seed.

Question 9

a) Left to plant after week 1= 1250 – 660 = 590

Planted in week two = 590 – 40 = 550 planted

b) Total = 870+1250 = 2120 trees

Question 10

a) Spent = 1.75 + 2.10 = £3.85

Change = 5 – 3.85 = £1.15

b) Adult = 2.10 + 1.10 = £3.20

2 adults = 3.20+3.20 = £6.40

c) Train tickets = 6.40 + 3.85 = £10.25

Driving = 10.25 + 1.50 = £11.75

Question 11

a) 2020 = 18 + 20 = 38 vehicles

b) Decreased

c) Bought = 18 -7 = 11 electric vehicles

d) Petrol/diesel: 20 – 14 = 6 cars

Electric: 18 + 14 = 32 cars

Question 12

a) Change = £20 – (1.50 + 0.7 + 2.66 + 11.99) = 20 – 16.85 = £3.15

b) 5 lollies = 0.7 x 5 = 70p + 70p +70p+70p+70p= 350p

No, only has money for 4 days.

Maths Questions with a Climate Context for older students:

Maths for Planet Earth

Post date 18 January 2023

Climate-based questions for students and teachers. A team of students and academics at the University of Oxford developed these Maths for Planet Earth questions.

Broad General Education (BGE)

Fourth Level: People, Place and the Environment

I can demonstrate an understanding of weather and climate by explaining the relationship between weather and air pressure.

Explains links between weather and air pressure

A data based resource looking at rainfall and pressure: Worksheet below and Teachers Notes.

Alternative resource: Red sky at Night, Shepherd’s Delight worksheet and Teacher’s Notes – a resource looking at how our prevailing wind direction means this saying is largely true.

Name: Date:

Investigating the Link Between Between Pressure and Rainfall

Here is some data collected by a weather station on the outskirts of Edinburgh, at the start of 2019.

Using this data, draw a graph of rainfall against pressure.

Now use this information to complete the following sentences:

The most it rained in one day was _______________mm.

It didn’t rain at all on ____________ days.

The highest pressure recorded was ______________hPa (a hPa is the same as a millibar).

The lowest pressure recorded was _______________hPa.

Does it always rain when the pressure is low? Use figures to justify your answer.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Does it ever rain when the pressure is high? Use figures to justify your answer.

Many weather apps assume that if the pressure is low, it will rain. Does your graph justify this assumption?

Extension:

Here are the weather maps for 4 of the days when it rained: the first 3 show when the pressure was low and the 4^th shows when the pressure was high and it rained.

Weather and Climate worksheet

Post date 11 July 2022

Background Information:

Climate is the average weather over a long time period (30 years) for a particular region or place. The climate affects a number of environmental factors within the region including the type and growth of vegetation and wildlife. The climate is determined by large scale factors such as the Earth’s orbit around the Sun, the position of the continents and the composition of the atmosphere. Weather describes the short-term state of our atmosphere. This may include information about the air temperature, precipitation, air pressure and cloud cover. Our local weather changes daily due to the movement of air in our atmosphere.

Experiences and Outcomes:

I can investigate the relationship between climate and weather.

Difference between weather and climate

You will need:

2 dice

Tally chart for numbers 2-12 Graph paper

Method:

In pairs, throw the two dice about 100 times and record the combined score shown each time.

Draw a bar graph of the results.

Results:

The results should show a smoothish distribution, with a score of 7 being most frequent. Ask each group to predict what their score will be if they throw the dice one more time – they can’t. However, with one more throw, the mean of all the scores will stay about the same (about 7). In the same way, the weather may be very different from day to day but the climate, the weather we ‘expect’, stays about the same.

If you don’t have access to dice, you can do this activity online at https://www.metlink.org/blog/weather-climate-extreme-weather-and-chaos-theory/

Extension:

Can the students design a concept cartoon to illustrate the difference between weather and climate? See https://www.stem.org.uk/system/files/elibrary-resources/legacy_files_migrated/1292WEATHER.PDF and http://www.millgatehouse.co.uk/concept-cartoons-research/

References/Resources:

A YouTube video showing an owner and his dog, as an analogy for weather and climate

Numbers - Ordering, rounding, negatives

Addition and subtraction

Fractions, percentages and ratios

Multiplication and division

Statistics

Algebra

Answers

Answers

Answers

Answers

Answers

Answers

Broad General Education (BGE)

Fourth Level: People, Place and the Environment

Extension:

Background Information:

Experiences and Outcomes:

Difference between weather and climate

You will need:

Method:

Results:

Extension:

References/Resources:

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Weather and climate resources and events for teachers