![climate change concept association tool](https://www.metlink.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2024-01-04_145813.jpg)
By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. More info
This tool is best used on a laptop or other larger screen and may not function correctly on a phone.
Resource produced in collaboration with MEI
Brief overview of session ‘logic’
Mathematical opportunities offered
Download the resources
Resource produced in collaboration with MEI
Note that this session is made up of separate activities which may be used independently.
Brief overview of session ‘logic’
Mathematical opportunities offered
Download the resources
Resource produced in collaboration with MEI
Brief overview of session ‘logic’
Mathematical opportunities offered
Download the resources
Watch this short animation to learn about the causes and impacts of storm surges in the UK, as well as the expected impact of climate change on them.
At the bottom of the page, you can download a Knowledge Organiser to complement the animation.
With thanks to the students and staff at Boston College for their contribution to the animation.
Climate-based questions for students and teachers. A team of students and academics at the University of Oxford developed these Maths for Planet Earth questions.
Some ideas, data sources and guidance for students wishing to include weather measurements in their NEA or EPQ.
Updated November 2022
https://www.rgs.org/CMSPages/GetFile.aspx?nodeguid=59f46632-ae51-4ea7-ab94-a0c537eb3c71&lang=en-GB
https://www.metlink.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/depression_wow_teacher_Eva.pdf
Data source:
Data source: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk
Using Wow data to look at urban heat islands https://www.metlink.org/resource/using-wow-to-illustrate-the-urban-heat-island-effect/
Urban winds: fieldwork guidance can be found on https://www.metlink.org/fieldwork-resource/fieldwork-in-geography/
Urban temperature https://www.metlink.org/fieldwork-resource/urban-heat-island-introduction/
Data source: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk
https://www.metlink.org/fieldwork-resource/using-usb-temperature-dataloggers/
https://www.rgs.org/schools/teaching-resources/quick-and-easy-ideas/
Data source: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk
https://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/tuesday-wettest-day-of-week-suggests-new-analysis/
https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/joc.2321
Orographic rainfall https://www.metlink.org/resource/orographic-relief-rainfall-and-the-foehn-effect/
https://www.metlink.org/resource/red-sky-teachers/ with an introductory concept cartoon from the ASE
https://www.metlink.org/blog/folklore/weather-folklore/
https://www.metlink.org/blog/extreme-weather/when-will-it-snow/
https://www.exploringoverland.com/constantapprentice/2021/8/10/making-a-cyanometer-to-measure-sky-moisture-through-color with https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/interactive-map pollution forecast and pollen forecast http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/health/public/pollen-forecast
Data source: National River Flow Archive http://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/ and https://environment.data.gov.uk/hydrology/index.html#/landing
http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/AQA/Coastal%20Zone/Sea%20level%20rise/Sea%20level%20rise.htm
Data source: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk
https://earth.nullschool.net/
http://www1.wetter3.de/Archiv/archiv_ukmet.html
various links on https://www.metlink.org/teaching-resources/?_sft_topic=air-masses
including https://www.metlink.org/resource/pressure-and-rainfall/
Data source: http://wow.metoffice.gov.uk
https://www.metlink.org/fieldwork-resource/instruments-and-fieldwork/
https://www.rgs.org/schools/teaching-resources/key-stage-five/extreme-weather/
https://www.metlink.org/fieldwork/
https://www.rgs.org/schools/teaching-resources/a-student-guide-to-the-a-level-independent-investi/
https://www.field-studies-council.org/resources/16-18-geography/route-to-enquiry/
Climate change has increased heat waves (high confidence) and drought (medium confidence) on land, and doubled the probability of marine heatwaves around most of Africa.
Heat waves on land, in lakes and in the ocean will increase considerably in magnitude and duration with increasing global warming.
Most African countries will enter unprecedented high temperature climates earlier in this century than generally wealthier, higher latitude countries, emphasising the urgency of adaptation measures in Africa.
Africa is one of the lowest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, yet key development sectors are already experiencing widespread losses and damages attributed to human-induced climate change.
Widespread negative impacts of 1.5-2°C of global warming are projected for Africa. These impacts are likely to be severe due to reduced food production, reduced economic growth, increased inequality and poverty, biodiversity loss, and increased human mortality.
Exposure to climate change in Africa is multi-dimensional. There are socioeconomic, political, and environmental factors which make people more vulnerable. Socioeconomically, Africans are disproportionately employed in climate-exposed sectors: 55-62% of the sub-Saharan workforce is employed in agriculture and 95% of cropland is rainfed. In decision-making, particularly in rural Africa, poor and female-headed households have less sway and face greater livelihood risks from climate hazards. Environmentally, in urban areas, growing informal settlements without basic services increase the vulnerability of large populations to climate hazards, especially women, children, and the elderly.
Climate adaptation across Africa is therefore crucial to lessen the impact of future warming, is generally cost-effective, and will provide social, economic, and environmental benefits to the vulnerable. However, the current finance available is far less than adaptation costs. Most adaption options are effective at present-day warming but their effectiveness for future warming is unknown.
Climate: Impact and projected risks
Most African countries will enter unprecedented high temperature climates earlier in this century than generally wealthier, higher latitude countries, emphasising the urgency of adaptation measures in Africa.
Both mean temperature and extreme temperature trends will increase across the continent, resulting in more heatwaves and drought. With above 1.5°C of global warming, drought frequency and duration will particularly increase over southern Africa. If 2°C global warming occurs there will be decreased precipitation in North Africa whilst any rise above 3°C of global warming will lead to drought duration in North Africa, the western Sahel, and southern Africa doubling from 2 to 4 months.
Bar north and southwestern Africa, rainfall events will also increase in frequency and intensity across Africa, at all levels of global warming.
Consequently, multiple African countries are facing compounding risks in the twenty-first century.
Hydrological variability and water scarcity will increase and will have a cascading impact on water supply and hydrological power production.
Climate change has already reduced economic growth across Africa, one estimate suggests gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for 1991–2010 in Africa was on average 13.6% lower than if climate change had not occurred.
Future warming will negatively affect food systems in Africa by shortening growing seasons and increasing water stress. With 1.5°C of global warming, declines are projected in suitable areas for coffee and tea in east Africa, for olives yields in north Africa, and for sorghum yields in west Africa.
Mortality and morbidity are expected to escalate as of tens of millions of Africans will be exposed to extreme weather and an increase in the range and transmission of infectious diseases.
Climate change is projected to increase migration. Africa’s rapidly growing cities will be hotspots of risks from climate change and climate-induced in-migration, which will amplify pre-existing stresses such as poverty, informality, social and economic exclusion, and governance.
Increasing temperatures are likely to cause drought-associated conflict risk.
© 2024 Royal Meteorological Society
RMetS is a registered charity No. 208222
By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. More info
Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.
If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.